Encapsulation is defined as what?

Encapsulation is defined as what?

• A. Inheriting properties from a base class
• B. Wrapping data and methods together as a single unit + data hiding
• C. Exposing all fields publicly
• D. Allowing multiple unrelated interfaces

Answer: (B)

Encapsulation means bundling the object’s data with the methods that operate on that data into a single unit, and restricting direct access to the internal state. In practice, you hide the internal fields (make them private) and expose a controlled interface (methods) to interact with the object. This protects invariants, reduces coupling, and lets you change the implementation later without breaking external code. That’s why the description of wrapping data and methods together as a single unit plus data hiding is the best match. The other ideas describe different concepts: the first is inheritance, exposing all fields publicly breaks encapsulation, and interfaces alone don’t define encapsulation.

Encapsulation means bundling the object’s data with the methods that operate on that data into a single unit, and restricting direct access to the internal state. In practice, you hide the internal fields (make them private) and expose a controlled interface (methods) to interact with the object. This protects invariants, reduces coupling, and lets you change the implementation later without breaking external code. That’s why the description of wrapping data and methods together as a single unit plus data hiding is the best match. The other ideas describe different concepts: the first is inheritance, exposing all fields publicly breaks encapsulation, and interfaces alone don’t define encapsulation.